One of the factors hindering the LED lighting is widely used, is them with the previously installed cutting phase (phase-cut) of bad matching performance between the dimmer. According to the NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) data, only in North America, on the installation of a 150000000 household phase cut dimmer -- a device for incandescent lamp. The thermal inertia of the incandescent light bulb inherent obscures the unwelcome characteristics of dimmers are. On the contrary, LED lighting, especially in the power supply circuit or drive circuit, struggled to cope with these phase cut dimmer is constantly changing and unstable output market. Between the lamp and the lamp of the resulting large range between, and even dimmer and dimmer changes, and these to the user is not acceptable, although the design of driving circuit for realizing adaptive can alleviate this problem. At first, the phase cut dimmer is as a kind of method is simple, efficient and cheap is designed for incandescent lamp light source brightness adjustment. It provided by restriction to the load power to achieve the dimming, allow only the AC network each half of the week on a certain percentage of the time is in a conducting state. By changing the dimmer position, will be able to change the cycle of conduction, thus controlling the power applied to the load, the ultimate realization of the light output change. The phase cut dimmer At present, there are two different types of phase cut dimmer (Figure 1). Front cutting phase modulation trigger angle optical delay after the zero crossing point (firing angel), the initial portion of each half cycle of AC excision, and only let the back part of the conduction. Trailing edge dimmer is working in the opposite way, in each half cycle of the alternating current the initial part of the conduction, while at the back part of the cut-off. Frontier dimmer use only one active device - three terminal bidirectional silicon controlled switch element, which makes their cost is very cheap, and therefore occupies a dominant position throughout the North American market. A factor which causes the difference of LED lamp performance is the phase cut dimmer produced the maximum and minimum trigger angle exists great difference. Different suppliers, as well as the different product models, the trigger angle range is very large. Thus, the conduction time and applied to the load power may change. The article by okorder. The most efficient method to obtain a new ceiling is a ceiling tiles directly installed in the existing drywall ceiling. If there are open joist or ceiling surface irregularities (between the wall and the wall of the horizontal support beam), will tile nail into the wood lath (used to support the housing decoration wall slat) on. If the ceiling is high enough, can also be used to lower the ceiling ceiling.
To determine how much pieces of tiles, the length of the room can be multiplied by its width, get the number of square metres, then add about 10% to the cutting edge and the error compensation. The number of square metres divided by a box of tile in the number of square metres, can know how many boxes tiles need. If the room is not a square or rectangle, can draw the sketch in the drawing room, and using a grid represents a square meters. Then, count the grid number can determine the number of tiles need. The use of ceramic tile adhesive mounting The use of adhesive tiles directly attached to the existing ceiling on the surface of the steps are as follows: Step 1: Center to find out the ceiling, first measure and mark the midpoint of each wall. Pull the ink box on the line between the two point relative, and draw line. Between the other two sides wall painting is also on line. The point of intersection of the ceiling is the center of the two lines. Please use the woodworking square in order to ensure that the two line angle of 90 degrees. Step 2: measurement to determine the room metope ceiling tiles edge width. To calculate the width of the boundary tiles, please insufficient down every direction of the whole cm size, for example, if the wall between the two distance is 5.3 meters, is recorded as 30 cm. Plus 30.5 cm (the whole tile width), and then divided by 2. The result is the direction of the laying of each row of the two pieces of tile two border tile width. For example, if the measured cm number is 5, then the boundary tiles of each row of tiles in the direction of the width of 8 cm is integrant. You need to compute the two direction of the width of the border tile. Too humid bathroom, make the bathroom ceiling mold, not good-looking and security problems. How to prevent damp 1 increase ventilation; 2 replace the bathroom ceiling material; 3 smear mildew prevention mold lines. The bathroom can increase the ventilation machine or vent, or is finished using the bathroom immediately after opening the window, can effectively prevent moisture.
The bathroom ceiling color Select the bathroom ceiling color, need to reflect on the overall bathroom ceiling color matching, color not than the floor of deep color, in order to avoid top-heavy visual pressure, if the wall color is light color, color white ceiling maintained at best, will not give people a sense of oppression by the. In the choice of ceiling color, metope and the color of the floor is one of the most important elements. When the bathroom decoration with beam column, can see Liang Zhu's color few painted the wall with color, this method can reduce the area of the white ceiling, let the sense of space to improve the. Decreasing the generation of oppression. Bathroom overall color plan can rich and bright, but not suitable for dark ceiling miscellaneous color. Because of the heavy color is given a heavy feeling, let people have a sense of oppression to live will discomfort. The article by building mateirlas suppliers. Hard PVC veneer
Hard PVC veneer with flat plate, corrugated plate, grid plate and special-shaped plate division. Rigid PVC veneer and the corrugated plate with transparent and opaque points. Transparent PVC veneer and the wave plate can be used as luminous top bundle, transparent roof and a highway sound insulation wall decoration materials, opaque PVC patch panel can be used for wall decoration. Rigid PVC panel with longitudinal and transverse wave waveform sentence wave two. Rigid PVC veneer and the corrugated plate of durability and good decorative performance, easy construction. Hard PVC veneer is a square or rectangular plate with plate making vacuum forming technology has the advantages of various stereo forms. Its size is 500mmx 500mm, thick as performance with hard PVC 2 ~ 3mnu hard PVC veneer veneer is similar, it is superior to other decorative effect of rigid PVC veneer. Hard PVC veneer is hard PVC with various section shapes with extrusion process for the production of the veneer, it is single and hollow points, the surface can be made into a certain color pattern, this kind of plate width of 100 ~ 200mm, length is 6m, the thickness is 1 ~ 1.2mm. Hard PVC veneer interior walls, ceiling and partition between the cover surface decoration is mainly used for. Rigid PVC panel aging resistance and fire resistance, good decorative surface, strong, can heat insulation, waterproof, has sufficient rigidity, convenient for construction and repair, but against the impact of its poor, should avoid the use of effects of collision force. Can be used to cover panel and the inner wall panel ceiling bathroom, kitchen and other high humidity places of interior decoration, partition. The article by constraction materials suppliers. Flower plate decoration is generally use ceiling design form to enhance the appearance of it, has the very big relations ceiling decoration effect and ceiling materials, different ceiling materials suitable for different styles, different design style.
Ceiling decoration is an important link in interior decoration, so the choice of ceiling materials is very important, but also the same can not be ignored in the ceiling decoration of the above details. Ceiling decoration is mainly based on the choice of ceiling space storey suitable solution, of course, in the decoration or many noteworthy. 1, security In the ceiling decoration, the vast majority are suspended ceiling is adopted, the ceiling decoration scheme first should pay attention to the choice of materials, but also strictly according to the construction operation, the installation must be the correct position, the connection is firm. Ceiling decoration materials should be noncombustible or refractory material, wood material is flammable, therefore to the fire. Ceiling which generally to do lighting, air-conditioning and other electrical pipelines, should be strictly according to the standard operation, to avoid fire dangers. 2, process In the family of the ceiling decoration, most of the decorative ceiling are generally not installed overhaul Kong, feel that affect the appearance, if the ceiling pipeline equipment failure can not check to determine what part, what reason, cannot repair. The installation of pipelines for the ceiling or installed overhaul Kong for good, can be concealed in the inspection site, and overhaul Kong art processing, for example, combined with the decoration lamp set. 3, clean Clean the ceiling decoration must be considered, especially in the kitchen, although the installation of a range hood and the exhaust fan, but still can not put all the discharged steam, easy absorption of moisture of the decorative panel or paint will appear deformation and peeling. So the selection does not absorb moisture ceiling material, generally adopt metal or plastic gusset plate, such as the use of other wood ceiling should adopt moisture-proof measures, such as paint etc.. 4, beautiful With the rich colors of the color glass, ground glass ceiling is quite distinctive, in Home Furnishing decoration is used more and more, but if the material properly, it is easy to accidents. In order to use safety, ceiling and other parts are easily impact should be used glass (tempered glass and glass held provisions for An Boli). The article by okorder. Compared with incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and other traditional lighting sources, a light emitting diode (LED) as a new generation of lighting products because of low power consumption, long service life, no pollution, fast reaction speed, color purity is high, are widely used in many fields display, general lighting, automotive lighting, electronics, signal lighting backlight etc.. With the promotion of the process of promoting the city and efficient environmental protection lighting, LED industry has been rapid development in recent years. The global LED each application field, general lighting and automotive lighting field is the fastest growing market, became the impetus for future LED market scale of the rapid growth of an important driving factor. In addition, LEDinside data display, LED display application market is still showing great growth potential for the application of LED field, one of the most stable growth. Intelligent lighting In the field of general lighting, LEDinside forecast in 2014 the global LED lighting is expected to reach a value of $17800000000, the overall LED lighting products shipment quantity to achieve 1320000000. Philips market forecast to 2016 showed: Global LED related lighting products in the market scale will reach 70000000000 -800 billion each, in the overall lighting market occupy ratio may reach 45%-50%. The domestic situation, as early as in 2010 the national market lighting products retains the quantity achieves 8600000000, among them LED lighting products share is only about 0.16%. With the LED lighting product prices continued to decline, the rapid growth of LED lighting market. Reportedly, the current first-line brand 3.5W bulb lamp terminal retail price has dropped to 20 yuan, the price is very close to the ordinary energy-saving lamps. High LED prediction, 2013-2017 years China LED bulb and fluorescent lamp market value compound growth rate reached 44% and 35% respectively, the market in 2017 sales will be more than 2500000000 and 1000000000 respectively. The progress of technology, but also makes the LED lighting technology development from the initial simple lighting to the intelligent lighting. Intelligent lighting can not only realize the intelligent control of the lighting system, but also become an entrance of the Internet, which lead to more value-added services, such as health management, map location, shopping guide and advertisement etc.. Automotive lighting Last year, China's automobile production and sales both more than 20000000 units, has for five consecutive years won the first in the world, huge auto market - driven with related auto parts industry vigorous development, where the LED market of automobile lighting grew more rapidly, the growth far exceeded the average growth rate of auto related industries. Data shows, before 2010, the domestic LED automotive lighting market average growth rate of 13%, nearly two years LED lamp market growth rate of up to 40% above. Because of the LED lamp is a cold light source, power consumption is only equivalent to the traditional lamp 1/10, can better save energy. The Ministry of planning, by the end of 2015, automotive lighting needs to complete the carbon dioxide emission reduction targets. As a typical representative of low carbon environmental protection lighting recognized, LED is expected to be included in the scope of upgrading of automotive lighting, which means tens of billions, even one hundred billion market demand. It is understood, the car with the current LED lighting products gross profit is 3-5 times that of ordinary LED products. However, this huge market cake, but foreign companies or enterprises with foreign background partition, the mainland LED lighting enterprises due to technical limitations, relates to an automobile lighting business enterprise is not much. In recent years, with the core technology of unique and excellent product quality, snow Wright [0.00% Funds Research Report]HID lamp lighting in automotive industry firmly occupy the leading position, which for the realization of rapid starting, enter the LED lamp market to win tickets. The article by okorder Ceiling, namely the ceiling decoration, a touch to the place, but it occupies a very important position in the decoration. Make appropriate decoration on the ceiling, can not only beautify the living environment, but also to create a rich and colorful image of the art of interior space. But Xiangtan 365 real estate network renovation experts remind, ceiling in the renovation process, the owners pursuit of grades, personality, beautiful and at the same time, it also ignores the safe and practical considerations may not, especially must conform to the specification of material selection, construction technology and other aspects of. Below, let us have a look the ceiling decoration what precautions?
A ceiling material choice, the need to be cautious Owners in the purchase of ceiling materials, the best choice will not burn or refractory material, wood material is flammable, if must choose wood ceiling, we must pay attention to the fire in the construction, brush fire retardant coating; at the same time, bathrooms and the kitchen ceiling materials must also have both moistureproof function, general appropriate made of metal or plastic Kouban nonhygroscopic material. Two, the glass ceiling materials to ensure the safety of With rich color, shape beautiful glass ceiling is quite distinctive, in Home Furnishing decoration appear in more and more, but we should pay attention to avoid the occurrence of safety accidents. Because the general residential housing - storey is not very high, do a ceiling, vertical space is smaller, living in the use, will inevitably encounter the ceiling, just not pay attention to the impact force big, glass easily broken off the injury accident. In order to use safety, must use safe glass, such as tempered glass and laminated glass. Three, dark frame ceiling should set manhole Now many owners in the family decoration ceiling generally not a manhole, that will affect the appearance, which is not so hidden safety problems. Because once the ceiling pipeline equipment failure can identify the reasons for not very convenient, but beyond repair. So for the laying of pipelines in the ceiling or installed overhaul Kong for good, can be concealed in the inspection site, and some soft decoration art treatment on the inspection hole, for example, combine with the lamp or an ornament, such as safety and beauty two not mistake. Four, ceiling construction process required specification In the ceiling installation, should be strictly in accordance with the construction standards, pay special attention to the following 4 questions: 1 wood keel expansion is relatively large, easily lead to the distortion of the structure, as far as possible the use of light steel keel material. Note 2 expansion joint design and construction, each joints should be leaving expansion joints, and pour into a 45 degree angle, so as to avoid the stress accumulation. 3, light steel keel or wooden keel installed formation, spacing specification. 4, self tapping screws should be evenly distributed, ensure each tapping screws near bear force, otherwise easy to form the side lock response makes the structure loses its stability deformation cracks. If there is time, ceiling decoration owners in the field when the best supervision, to ensure that the correct position of ceiling installation and firm connection, avoid the falling off accident accident, if it is found that the workers cut corners, must promptly stop. With the wide use of LED lighting, LED lamp has gradually penetrated into the Home Furnishing lighting, Home Furnishing decoration lighting installation, how to embody the warmth of the family, if the illumination is insufficient, will affect the room decorative effect, so how to choose the right according to the room area of LED ceiling lamps? The following is the analysis of six aspects of the.
1, the choice of living room lamps The living room lamps play an important role in the whole room decoration, too complex shape, too complicated patterns, are not suitable for room decoration design concise, it will increase the sense of. Less than 2.8 metres - storey rooms should not install droplight, can only be installed ceiling lamps can make the room look taller, also can let a person feel more lively and easy. In addition, the living room as a master of the reception place, the need of light bright bright, to make people more happy. In general, 30-45 square metres of living room, can choose white LED 54W lamps, lamps and lanterns to about 1500px in diameter, will appear atmosphere; 20-30 square metres of living room, is in need of white light LED 36W ceiling lamps, lamp diameter is best not less than 1250px; for the 20 party the following small living room, with a white light LED 24W Lamps lighting the lamp is sufficient demand, about 1000px in diameter is appropriate. 2, the selection of bedroom lamp The bedroom is our work in addition to spend most of the time, place, is also our soothing decompression, soul habitat harbour. Therefore, a set of warm, romantic and fresh in one bedroom lamp, it is very important. 15-20 square meters bedroom, need to use 24W LED ceiling lamps, lamp body diameter between 40-1250px is appropriate; 12-15 square meters bedroom, can absorb dome light 20W LED selection, the lamp body diameter can also be between 40-1250px; and the 12 square the following small bedroom, use 15W LED ceiling lamps OK, diameter can be between 35-1000px. As for is for white or warm light, this is mainly to see personal preference, some friends like bright, or often in the bedroom to study and work, the choice of white light can relieve eye fatigue, protect eyesight; while some friends are more like your bedroom warm, romantic, so warm light LED ceiling lamps is the preferred. But generally speaking, the modern decoration style needs is concise and lively. 3, the choice of restaurant lamp The restaurant kitchen general distance is closer, and the food of the heat, smoke is relatively large, to keep clean, dining-room lamp needs to be cleaned frequently, therefore should choose shade smooth LED ceiling lamps. I think most of friends should have the replacement lamp experience; stepping on the table, stepping on the chair, head 90 degrees, raise the arms to the roof. The entire process down, arm and neck that call a acid ah, tired. But, my friends, don't lose heart, to save, it is LED ceiling lamps. Ceiling lamps compared with incandescent and energy-saving lamps, has a long life, eliminates the friends replacement bulbs frequent troubles, but the convenience of washable lampshade is still to be considered. In addition, the ray of light will make food restaurant looks delicious, so as to enhance appetite, ceiling lamps and therefore the choice of 15-20W is more appropriate. 4, the selection of the study lamp The library is an important place for us to study and work in the long time, the act of writing and learning, the suddenly increased eye pressure. In order to protect us and the children's eyes, must choose stable brightness lamp. Ordinary light bulb, the light emitted by the partial red, will make the resolution of the human eye drops, so I want to see in the book of the words, the eyes must be very close; energy-saving lamps and ordinary fluorescent lamp, the light emitted by the although is white, but because it is 50 Hz alternating current direct lighting, so the brightness of the lamp will not stop change, stroboscopic phenomenon which is why we often say that the daylight lamp. Long time studying in the flashing light, the eye will feel fatigue. Ceiling lamps most, formal manufacturers are using intelligent constant current drive, stable brightness, no stroboscopic, 6500K color temperature is very similar with natural light white light, acrylic filter can make the LED soft light not dazzling, consistent with our children and long time reading in the light of the requirements, is eye protection lamp is very ideal. Under normal circumstances, 10 square metres of the study can be ceiling white LED 15-20W selection; study of 10-15 square metres, is the need for the white light LED 20-24 lamps. 1, we must first reference line across all face the ceiling and a standard. In according to the width of the walls at both ends of wallpaper mark, then two mark pulled tight to daub coloured chalk on a plumb line, Jean quickly shot one one vertical, will leave the first cut the wallpaper to align the baseline in the big flower plate
2, the wallpaper glue and before the S folding method folds, to facilitate the holding. 3, when you're ready to hand paste wallpaper before, must first take a temporary lifting frame, with two groups of feet ladder is placed on the bracket, to which a long board, make it become an elevated platform. Make sure it's a moderate height, party makes you structure the ceiling. 4, the wallpaper on the ceiling, also want to stay 5 more open length, then slowly beach open wallpaper, and pulled the front half of the wallpaper paste flat brush gently. But to identify the wallpaper and the edge of the ceiling of the chalk baseline alignment fit. 5, if there is a lighting day on board, it must be the lamp bulb and the lamp chapter removed, and turn off the power, then the wallpaper flat up, then deal with switch or socket, from four angles to the lamp base with the same with septal incision, finally ran the light into the lamp seat. Whether you intend to use the fringe to wall reinforcing ending work, or simply to do it the decoration, in the hands of the former, be sure to think twice to planning. The corner of the site must do processing, inclined seams so, every corner of the position need to prepare a pair of identical fringes, so that in the treatment of oblique joints, on both sides of the fringe pattern can be completely sealed together if you plan to live in plastic wall paper edging, you must use special overlapping method fixation paste. If it is in general the wallpaper paste, we should pay attention to whether the strength of the same paste. The wall needed to be measured out paste fringe length, calculate you need fringe quantity must most fringe is one 3.3 foot roll. But remember the time of purchase to first have a look on the packaging and instructions. |