Orthophosphoric acid is composed of a single phosphorus oxygen tetrahedron phosphoric acid. P atoms in phosphoric acid molecule is sp3 hybridization, three hybrid orbitals and the oxygen atoms, forming three sigma bond between another P - O key is controlled by a sigma from P to oxygen with keys and two right oxygen to P d - P of PI.
Sigma key phosphorus atoms is worthy of a pair of lonely empty orbital coordination of electrons to oxygen atoms to form. D please p with keys are two oxygen atoms of py, pz orbit of the lone pair electrons and phosphorus atoms DXZ, dyz empty orbital overlap. Due to phosphorus atoms 3 d level 2 P level energy is much higher than the oxygen, composed of molecular orbital is not very effective, so P - O keys on the number of it is a triple bond, but it is from bond length and bond energy between single and double bonds. Pure H3PO4 hydrogen bond and its crystalline hydrate exist, this may be the reason for the concentrated phosphate solution is sticky.
Appearance: white or colorless viscous liquid solid (> 42 ℃)
Density: 1.685 g/ml (liquid state)
Melting point: 42.35 ℃ (316 k)
Boiling point: 158 ℃ (431 K), decomposition, phosphate heated gradually dehydrated, so there is no its boiling point)
Commercially available phosphate is sticky and thick solution containing 85% H3PO4. Crystallization from the concentrated solution, the formation of hemihydrate h3po4 · 2 H2O (melting point 302.3 K).
Sigma key phosphorus atoms is worthy of a pair of lonely empty orbital coordination of electrons to oxygen atoms to form. D please p with keys are two oxygen atoms of py, pz orbit of the lone pair electrons and phosphorus atoms DXZ, dyz empty orbital overlap. Due to phosphorus atoms 3 d level 2 P level energy is much higher than the oxygen, composed of molecular orbital is not very effective, so P - O keys on the number of it is a triple bond, but it is from bond length and bond energy between single and double bonds. Pure H3PO4 hydrogen bond and its crystalline hydrate exist, this may be the reason for the concentrated phosphate solution is sticky.
Appearance: white or colorless viscous liquid solid (> 42 ℃)
Density: 1.685 g/ml (liquid state)
Melting point: 42.35 ℃ (316 k)
Boiling point: 158 ℃ (431 K), decomposition, phosphate heated gradually dehydrated, so there is no its boiling point)
Commercially available phosphate is sticky and thick solution containing 85% H3PO4. Crystallization from the concentrated solution, the formation of hemihydrate h3po4 · 2 H2O (melting point 302.3 K).